The hybrids outperformed the midparents by 10% on average, representing approximately 15 years of breeding progress in wheat, thus further substantiating the remarkable potential of hybrid-wheat breeding. Grain yield was assessed for 1,604 hybrids and their 135 parental elite breeding lines in 11 environments. We applied this framework to an extensive data set assembled for winter wheat. Here we present a tailored quantitative genetic framework to study the genetic basis of midparent heterosis in hybrid populations derived from crosses among diverse parents. Wheat grain yield can be boosted by exploiting heterosis, the superior performance of hybrids compared with midparents. Abstract : Increasing wheat yield is a key global challenge to producing sufficient food for a growing human population.
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